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@teiten gisten atent @Hina Letters Patent No. 81,051, dated August 11, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN OIL-CUP.

tite Srlgshule nicht tf1 im these Eaters Entertain nuttig mit tf its same.

'ro'ALL wHoM rr MAY conceals:

Bc it known that I, N. BANGS WILLIAMS, ofthe city and lcounty of Providence, and State of Rhode Island, have made certainlmprovements in Oil-Oups for lubricating machinery; and I give the following description of the same, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, which are referred to herein by the letters and figures marked thereon. j

The object of my invention is to fnake an oil-cup that shall filter the oil 'from impurities, and by the simplest adjustment vary the ow of the oil tosuit therequirements of the different classes ofjournals and machines to which it may be applied, and also to suit the different densities of the oils which are used, and at the same time'to have the parts easily accessible for adjustment and cleaning, and yet so secureiin their attachments that the concussione and violent motions ofmachinery will not change their'relation to each other, so that an equable supply of oil is assured. Nor will'the'parts be thrown olf, as is frequently the case in locomotives, crank-pins of stationary engines, saw-mills, and the journals of fan-blowers, and machines of like character.

Description of Drawings.

Figure l is a side view of a locomotive oil-cup, as it appears externally. AA is the body ofthe cup, made of any suitable metal. B is the stem by which it is attached to the machine. C is thevcover, and E a thumbscrew, the oice of which will be shown further on.

Figure 2 is a view ofthe cup in vertical section. A A, thebody ofthe cup, the mouth of whichis threaded to receive a corresponding male thread on the cover C. D is a bolt, which slides back and forth in the cover. E is a thumb-screw passing through the slot e in the cover, into the central part of the bolt D, which is threaded to receive it, Vand projecting far enough to take on the washer a, this washer allowing about half a turn to the screw E. One armof the bolt D is mounted with the spiral spring I-I, to throw the bolt forward. The other arm of the bolt extends a little way beyond the male screw of the cover, moving in a slctrcut in the screw to receive it, as seen in Figure 4. This slot is made from a hole which is drilled through the rim of the cup and the cover, after this latter has 'been screwed firmly into place, so that these two openings exactly correspond.

The end of the bolt D, where it comes through the screw on the cover, is inclined on its lower margin, and

comes a little way below the screw ofthe cover. ".Ihe object of this chamfer or incline is, that when the male screw enters the threads in the mouth of the cup, and is turned round, the bolt D is pressed'back and does not interrupt screwing the cover into place. When this is done, the bolt shoots forward into the opening or hole in the rim of the cup, and holds it firmly. To make it still more secure, the screw E is turned hard down, and jar and concussion will not loosen it, nor violent motion throw it off.

To remove lthe cover, the screw E is loosened, the bolt slipped back by pressure on the screw E, and the cover turned out. As the end ofv thc bolt rises above the hole in the rim of the cup, it of course does not catch nor interrupt the unscrewing ofthe cover. The end ofthe bolt in its Vseat is seen in fig. 1 at D.

I now come to the device for filtering the oil and regulating the supply to thcjournal. 'This is shown mainly in section in iig. 2. The stern B of the oil-cup is provided with an oil-duct, I, through its centre. This l is threaded throughout its length te receive the screw F. This screw has arflat, round head, about the size given in the drawing, upon which is a thumb-piece, and a slot in this for a screw-driver. The shaft of the screw has a slot cut from its point nearly its whole length, this slot being deeper at the point and growing shallower near the head. c, in Figures 2 and 5, give two viewsof this slot. The 'object of this taperis todimin'ish the passage for the oil to the journal as thescrewis turned clown in its seat in the stem of the cup, and to enlarge it as it is turned up. l The point of the screw F'is split for about half an inch, and then sprung slightly apart, (seen atti, figs. and 5.) This is to make the screw secure in the oil-duct at whatever place it may be put, so that when the flow is properly graduated, it may not'be changed by the jar and concussion of the machine upon which thev cup is placed.

Upon theshaft ofthe screw F, disks of fibrous material, punched out with a hole in the centre, (sec'Figure 8,) are placed one upon the other, asv seen at GG, fig. v2, and through these disks all the oil is filtered before it can pass into the journal through the channels already described. More pressure upon the disks lessons the ow through them, and it lessens at the same time the size of the orifice through which the oil passs into the duct I.

These disks may be made of woollen or cotton cloth', felt cloth, cotton ilannel,'bibulous paper, or may be l punchedfrom cotton wedding or porous pasteboard,'and in practice it is found' that, whether the cup is full or th'e oil low, the supply to the'journal remains the same, the capillary attraction of the fibrous disks taking up the oil and giving it through the duct in the screw at an equable rate.

s These devices enable me to adjust thevcup so nicely that a drop forming on the end'of the duct I, will remain there when the machine is still, and when taken oli' by thc suction caused by the rotation of the shaft, another will form, and this more or less rapidly, as the regulating-screw is out or in.

Where a very thin oil is used, I lessen the number of fibrous disks by slipping upon the shaft of the screw one or more disks of wood, as seen at J J in Figure 6. This is only necessary, however, in those cases where the stem B is cut so short to attach it to the machine, that the end of the screw F would rest on the journal i when turned down sufliciently to compress the fibrous disks.

The above description-of the various parts makes the operation so plain that further remarks are deemed I unnecessary, and'it will be seen that the 'objects of my invention are carried out in a simple and effectual manner. l

No particular skill is required in packing thecup; all the parts are easily accessible for. adjustment and cleaning, and they all remain in the desired position, not being disturbed by concussion or motion.

I am aware that a spring-clutch, locking into a ange upon the wick-tube of the ordinary wick-cup, has been used to secure the cover of anl oil-cup, but this device was ineifectual in practice. v

I am aware, also, that oil-cups have been packed with fibrous material contained in tubes or chambers, and compressed therein by a screw, and by a screw and tapering spindle combined; and that a screw, in combination with a winged nut, a perforated disk, and a sponge between this and the eil-duct, has been used, as in the patent of E. Wersenbone, January 17, 1865.

As, also, that a slotted screw, iu which theA slot is cut nearly the depth ofthe threads in the male screw, and the female screw in the duct slotted in the same manner, operating like a stopcock when the slots are turned away from each other, as seen in the patent of Charles Andrew, November 7, 1865;,the screw here being placed on'theunder side of the stem of the cup.` v i I, therefore, do not claim any of the devices tovhich I have referred.

The diieulty in the use of fibrous-material in masses is, first,A that it requires muchvskill and labor to pack the cup so that it operates satisfactorily second, when this is used in tubes and chambers, and compressed therein, by a screw or other device, it becomes so solidiiied, after a little time, that it will not loosen onremoving the pressure, and much time and labor are involved in its removal and renewal. V

Again, I am satisfied, from long experience, that any device for regulating the tlo'w of oil must first filter the oil before it reaches the graduating-point, otherwise this point will become fouled and 'the cup inoperative.

In a cup, constructed as I have described, it is only necessary in most instances to release the screw and loosen the disks, putting in clean, fresh oil, and the cup operates well, turning down the screw again after a free flow has been established; and, again, when it is necessary to remove the points, it -can readily be done.

I do not, as above remarked, claim any of the devices above alluded to; ,nor do I claim broadly a graduating oi1-cup for lubrication; but- What I do claim, as novel and useful, is

I. The spring-bolt D, in the screw-cover of an oil-cup, made and operating substantially as described.

2. The combination of the bolt D and the screw E with the cover of an oil-cup.

3. rlhe regulating-screw F, made with the tapering slot c, the spring-point d, and the broad, disk-like head, all made as described. v l

4. The packing of an oil-cup with fibrous disks, when these are not enclosed in a tube or chamber, and where they are threaded upon a slotted screw, which, at the same time, forms the compressing-agent for the fibrous disks, and a graduating-duct for admitting the oil into the duct in the stem of the cup by screwing into the same, all made and operating substantially 'as set forth and described, or their mechanical equivalents.

N. BANGS WILLIAMS.

Witnesses;

WM. PRATT, FRANCIS S. Gern. 

